1 Cash - Wang Mang Fifth reform

Wang Mang's monetary reforms are among the most chaotic in Chinese history — he imposed five separate currency overhauls between 7 and 23 AD, each one destabilizing trade further as the population refused to adopt the new denominations. This piece belongs to the fifth and final reform, issued as his Xin dynasty was already collapsing under peasant revolt. The Red Eyebrow rebels sacked Chang'an in 23 AD and killed Wang Mang himself, meaning circulation of this type was catastrophically brief under legitimate authority.