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1 Cash - Tongzhi Tongbao; Boo-gung; privately cast
| Uitgever | Qing Dynasty |
|---|---|
| Jaar | 1861-1875 |
| Type | Log in om details te zien |
| Waarde | Log in om details te zien |
| Valuta | Log in om details te zien |
| Samenstelling | Log in om details te zien |
| Gewicht | Log in om details te zien |
| Diameter | Log in om details te zien |
| Dikte | Log in om details te zien |
| Vorm | Log in om details te zien |
| Techniek | Cast |
| Oriëntatie | Log in om details te zien |
| Graveur(s) | Log in om details te zien |
| In omloop tot | Log in om details te zien |
| Referentie(s) | Log in om details te zien |
| Beschrijving voorzijde | Log in om details te zien |
|---|---|
| Schrift voorzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Opschrift voorzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Beschrijving keerzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Schrift keerzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Opschrift keerzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Rand | Log in om details te zien |
| Muntplaats | Gongchang Mint (甘肅鞏昌) |
| Oplage | ND |
| Aanvullende informatie |
Privately cast cash coins represent a persistent grey market within the official Qing monetary system. The Board of Revenue and Board of Works mints held nominal monopolies on copper-alloy cash production, but enforcement was chronically inconsistent, and entrepreneurial foundries — particularly in Hunan, Guangdong, and Jiangxi — filled gaps during periods when official supply collapsed. By the Tongzhi reign, those gaps were enormous: the Taiping Rebellion had destroyed or disrupted dozens of provincial mints, and Boo-gung (the Beijing Board of Works mint) was itself operating erratically.
The brass composition here, rather than the officially mandated copper-zinc-lead alloy in fixed ratios, is a reliable indicator of private origin.