1 Cash - Tiansheng Yuanbao, Seal script, iron

Tiansheng was the reign era of Emperor Renzong, who ascended the throne as a child in 1022 under the regency of Empress Dowager Liu. The iron coinage issued under this era reflects a recurring Song fiscal pressure: chronic copper shortages, particularly in the northern and Sichuan circuits, forced regional mints to substitute iron at a government-mandated exchange rate that private traders routinely ignored.

Iron Song cash corrodes aggressively, and structurally sound survivors are far less common than the census figures for bronze issues suggest. Hartill 16.75 distinguishes this seal-script variety from the running-script issue of the same reign.