1 Cash Kaiyuan Tongbao / Wu, Zhejiang region

Issued during the Taiping Rebellion's peripheral disruptions in Zhejiang province, this cash belongs to a class of emergency or insurgent coinage struck when central Qing mint authority had effectively collapsed in the region. The Taiping movement never fully controlled Zhejiang, but the resulting administrative chaos prompted local military and quasi-governmental factions to produce their own currency. Hartill's classification of this type under regional rebellion issues reflects genuine uncertainty about the exact issuing authority — the brass composition itself departs from the bimetallic norms of standard Qing cash.