1 Cash - Chongzhen Tongbao, northern type, Gui with dot

The Chongzhen reign (1628–1644) was one of the most administratively chaotic in Ming history, with the Board of Revenue mint in Beijing operating alongside a proliferating network of provincial and local mints issuing coins of wildly inconsistent quality and weight. The "northern type" designation reflects casting practices associated with the capital region, where brass alloy use became more systematic in the final decades of Ming production. The Gui mint mark with dot is a minor variety distinguished in Hartill's reference — precisely the kind of small die distinction that emerged when supervisory control over individual casting operations had effectively collapsed under the pressures of Manchu incursion and internal rebellion.