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| Issuer | Empire of Vietnam |
|---|---|
| Year | 1740-1776 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Obverse description | Central square hole framed by a raised inner rim, surrounded by four Chinese characters arranged in the traditional reading order — top, bottom, right, left — in the fields between the central perforation and the outer raised rim. The inscription 景興內寶 (Cảnh Hưng Nội Bảo) is rendered in regular script (kaishu), cast in raised relief against a flat field. The characters are bold and well-spaced, consistent with standard Vietnamese cash coin typography of the Lê Hiển Tông era. A plain outer rim encircles the entire design. |
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| Edge | Plain |
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| Additional information |
Cảnh Hưng was the reign title of Lê Hiển Tông, who ruled for over four decades — the longest reign of any Lê dynasty emperor — yet exercised almost no real power. The Trịnh lords controlled the north absolutely during this period, and coin production reflected their administration rather than any imperial initiative. Multiple cash types were issued under the Cảnh Hưng title across different decades, making precise attribution within the series genuinely difficult without die study.
Barker's subdivision of this type from the broader Cảnh Hưng series rests largely on fabric and casting characteristics rather than textual distinction.