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1 Bolognino - Paul II Arms in circle
| Issuer | Papal States (Ancona Mint) |
|---|---|
| Year | 1464-1471 |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
| Weight | 0.9 g |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Latin (uncial) |
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| Reverse description | Papal heraldic shield of Pope Paul II (Pietro Barbo, r. 1464–1471) displayed at center, charged with the Barbo family arms featuring a rampant lion, surmounted by the papal tiara and crossed keys of Saint Peter, all contained within a plain inner circle. The shield is rendered in bold hammered relief with characteristic late medieval Italian provincial workmanship. The circumscription PAVLV` PAPA II (Pope Paul II) surrounds the central device within a beaded outer border. |
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| Additional information |
Paul II — born Pietro Barbo, a Venetian merchant's nephew — was among the more fiscally assertive popes of the fifteenth century, actively reorganizing mint operations across the Papal States to consolidate revenue that had hemorrhaged during the Avignon period and its aftermath. The Ancona mint held particular strategic importance: the city was the papacy's main Adriatic commercial gateway, and controlling its coinage meant taxing trade flowing between the Balkans, Venice, and Rome.
The bolognino denomination itself originated in Bologna and spread through north-central Italy as a practical accounting unit. Its adoption at Ancona under Paul II reflects deliberate monetary harmonization across papal territories rather than local initiative.