1 As Wheel / Wheel

The heavy cast bronze of central Italy's pre-Roman monetary tradition required no issuing authority to stamp its value — weight alone was the guarantee. This piece belongs to a cluster of Etruscan wheel-type asses whose attribution remains genuinely contested; ICC#155 places it within an uncertain mint grouping rather than assigning it to any single city, and that ambiguity has persisted through decades of scholarship. At over 180 grams, it represents the libral or near-libral standard before the systematic reductions of the Second Punic War period drove aes grave weights into rapid decline.