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1 As Club series
| Issuer | Volaterrae |
|---|---|
| Year | 230 BC - 220 BC |
| Type | Log in to see details |
| Value | Log in to see details |
| Currency | As (circa 230-220 BC) |
| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Diameter | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Janiform bearded and clean-shaven double head of Culsan, the Etruscan deity, depicted facing left and right, each effigy wearing a broad-brimmed petasos helmet. The twin busts are rendered in archaic Etruscan style with well-defined facial features, set within a plain circular field characteristic of early Etruscan bronze coinage. No legend or inscription appears on the obverse. |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Log in to see details |
| Obverse lettering | Log in to see details |
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| Mintage | ND (230 BC - 220 BC) |
| Additional information |
Volaterrae — modern Volterra — was among the wealthiest Etruscan cities when it struck this series, its prosperity rooted in copper and alabaster extraction from the surrounding hills. The club symbol distinguishing this issue from other Etruscan aes grave production almost certainly functioned as a mint or magistrate mark rather than carrying symbolic weight, a bookkeeping convention that now allows attribution where the coins themselves bear no inscription.
At roughly 140 grams, these pieces were cast rather than struck — the only technology suited to producing coinage of this mass. By the time Volaterrae issued this series, Rome's own aes grave was already being phased toward lighter struck coinage, a transition Etruscan mints were slower to follow.