1/4 Tanka - Qadir Shah

Historical Context: This 1/4 Tanka copper coin represents the brief and tumultuous reign of Qadir Shah (1538-1543) over the Malwa Sultanate. His ascension occurred amidst the chaotic interregnum following the Mughal Emperor Humayun's initial conquest of Malwa, and his rule was largely characterized by political instability and shifting allegiances. Qadir Shah, originally Mallu Khan, was appointed governor by Humayun but later declared independence, only to be eventually overthrown by Sher Shah Suri. His coinage, though modest in scope and denomination, serves as a tangible numismatic record of Malwa's fleeting autonomy during a critical period of Mughal-Suri rivalry in North India.

Artistry: Consistent with the broader stylistic traditions of the Malwa Sultanate and contemporary Islamic coinage, this 1/4 Tanka exhibits a design heavily reliant on calligraphic inscription. Lacking specific engraver marks, the coin's artistry reflects the prevailing Sultanate aesthetic, prioritizing legibility and the conveying of dynastic and religious legends over pictorial representation. The limited flan size of this fractional copper denomination often necessitated a compressed layout, typically featuring the ruler's name and titles on one side, and possibly a mint or date on the other, rendered in a functional, often angular, Naskh or Thuluth script typical of the region.

Technical/Grading: As a copper issue of 3.2 grams, this 1/4 Tanka often presents with characteristic challenges for numismatic grading. High-points for wear are typically found on the raised elements of the calligraphy, particularly the apexes of letters and any decorative flourishes. Technical strike quality can vary significantly; Sultanate copper coins frequently exhibit issues such as off-center strikes, irregular flan shapes, and planchet imperfections. Weakness in strike pressure is common, leading to areas of flat or incomplete detail, especially along the coin's periphery. Corrosion and environmental damage are also prevalent, impacting surface preservation and overall eye appeal.