1/4 Penning

Norwegian coinage of this period was dominated by small, thin bracteate-style pieces struck under royal authority that was itself frequently contested — the mid-thirteenth century saw Norway's civil war era, the *Borgerkrigstiden*, only recently concluded under Håkon Håkonsson, who consolidated the kingdom from the 1240s onward. Attributing specific minor fractions to a precise reign within this window remains difficult, and Skaare's cataloging acknowledges the ambiguity.

The quarter penning is among the smallest denominational units in medieval Scandinavian monetary reckoning, and surviving examples are typically found in hoards rather than single finds.