1/4 Karshapana - Indramitra

Obverse description	Crude depiction of an elephant standing to the right within a rectangular punch or incuse field, rendered in the characteristic punch-marked style of ancient Indian coinage. The animal's body is rendered in low relief with a broad, heavy outline typical of the Panchala regional coinage of the early centuries CE. The field surrounding the central device is plain and shows the irregular flan characteristic of cast copper coinage of this period. Surface patination is heavy, with areas of brown and green encrustation consistent with prolonged burial. No legible legend or inscription is present.
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Edge	Rough
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Additional information	Indramitra's precise position within the Panchala succession remains contested among scholars, with the dynasty's chronology still being reconstructed from punch-marked and cast coinage rather than any surviving textual record. The Panchalas of this period were navigating the political fragmentation that followed Kushana expansion into the northwestern subcontinent, and their small copper fractional issues are among the few material traces confirming their continued local authority during that pressure.