1/4 Anna - Munassar

The Qu'aiti Sultanate of Shihr and Mukalla — based in what is now the Hadhramaut region of Yemen — was one of the few Gulf-adjacent states to strike its own copper coinage during the nineteenth century. These fractions were issued under Awadh bin Umar al-Qu'aiti and circulated alongside Maria Theresa thalers and Indian rupees in a coastal economy dominated by the dhow trade and Hadrami merchant networks stretching to East Africa and the Malay Archipelago.

The Munassar denomination is specific to this sultanate's own accounting system rather than any colonial monetary framework.