Catalog
| Issuer | Aksum |
|---|---|
| Year | 305-315 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
| Value | |
| Currency | |
| Composition | Gold (.900) |
| Weight | 1.41 g |
| Diameter | 12.00 mm |
| Thickness | 2.00 mm |
| Shape | Round (irregular) |
| Technique | Hammered |
| Orientation | Medal alignment ↑↑ |
| Engraver(s) | |
| In circulation to | |
| Reference(s) | MHAC#6, Hahn Ak#5, SACAM#25, HCR#54118 |
| Obverse description | Bust of Aphilas facing, crowned with a five-spiked tiara with a pellet on each spike, draped, holding sword upright with his right hand, left arm folded on chest with unknown object in left hand; above, pellet on crescent dividing lettering. Border of dots. |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Greek |
| Obverse lettering |
AΦIΛA BACIΛI (Translation: Aphilas, King [...]) |
| Reverse description | Bust of Aphilas to right, wearing headcloth ornamented on front and ending with triangular ribbon behind, holding whisk in right hand; above, pellet on crescent dividing lettering. Border of dots. |
| Reverse script | Greek |
| Reverse lettering |
AξⲰMA BICI ΔIH (Translation: [...] of the Aksumites, man of Dimele) |
| Edge | |
| Mint | |
| Mintage |
ND (305-315) - - |
| Numisquare ID | 7493303430 |
| Additional information |
Historical Context: The 1/2 Unit gold coin of Aphilas (305-315 CE) represents a pivotal moment in Aksumite numismatic history. Aphilas, an early monarch, introduced gold coinage, building upon Endubis's silver and bronze issues. This innovation underscores Aksum's burgeoning economic power and prominence as a major trading empire in the Red Sea region. Issuing gold currency signified Aksum's ability to participate in international commerce, reflecting its wealth from trade routes connecting Africa, the Middle East, and India.
Artistry: While the engraver remains anonymous, this coin exemplifies the distinctive early Aksumite numismatic style. The obverse typically features a stylized bust of King Aphilas, often right-facing, adorned with a royal headcloth or crown, symbolizing his authority. The surrounding Ge'ez inscription identifies the ruler. The reverse commonly displays the pre-Christian Aksumite emblem of a crescent and disc, denoting royal or religious significance. The overall design, though sometimes archaic, conveys a clear message of royal power and Aksumite sovereignty.
Technical/Grading: Struck in .900 fine gold, this 1.41 gram, 12.00 mm coin presents specific grading considerations. High-points for wear or strike include the king's crown, nose, and chin on the obverse, and the central elements of the crescent and disc on the reverse. Aksumite coinage often displays variable strike quality; common issues include slight off-centering, weak strike, or minor planchet irregularities. Well-preserved examples exhibit sharp details in the portraiture, clear legends, and a strong impression of the reverse device.