1/2 Scudo - Alessandro I

Alessandro I Pico ruled Mirandola under increasingly desperate circumstances — the duchy had been a semi-autonomous enclave surrounded by larger powers for over a century, and by 1617 it was financially exhausted and politically isolated. This half scudo was struck during the final two years of his reign before his death in 1637 left the succession in crisis, though coinage of this specific type ceased well before that, likely reflecting mint disruptions tied to the broader upheavals of the Thirty Years' War bleeding into northern Italy.

Mirandola's output was never large. CNI IX records only a handful of die pairings for this type.