1/2 Scudo/ 10 Grosso - Francis Maria II della Rovere

Francis Maria II della Rovere was the last Duke of Urbino, a man who spent much of his reign navigating papal pressure and ultimately surrendered the duchy to Pope Urban VIII in 1626 rather than contest succession after the death of his only son. These coins were struck across a forty-year window of a court already in managed decline, its treasury constrained and its political independence increasingly nominal. The CNI XIII references for this type document at least two die varieties, suggesting uneven but sustained production across the period.