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1/2 Rupee - Shah Alam II

发行方 Bengal Presidency
年份 1793-1818
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面值 登录 以查看详情
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形状 Round
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正面描述 The obverse field is entirely occupied by a multi-line Persian legend arranged in horizontal registers across the coin's face, executed in a bold Naskh calligraphic style characteristic of Mughal-era coinage. The inscription reads: 'Sikka zad bar haft kishwar saya fazl Ilah, Hami ud-din Muhammad Shah Alam Badshah', proclaiming Shah Alam II as Emperor and 'Defender of the Faith of Muhammad, Shadow of God's Grace, who struck coin over the seven climes.' Floral ornaments or rosettes separate or punctuate the lines of text within the field. There is no portrait or figural imagery, consistent with Islamic numismatic tradition. The legend fills the field to the rim with minimal border ornamentation.
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背面描述 The reverse displays a multi-line Persian legend arranged in horizontal registers within the round field, separated by a bold horizontal rule or cartouche line dividing the upper and lower portions of the inscription. The upper register bears the regnal year numeral '19' (١٩) alongside the word 'julus' (accession), flanked by small floral ornamental devices in the field. The lower register records the mint name 'Murshidabad' (مرشد آباد), identifying the place of striking. The full legend reads: 'Zarb Murshidabad sanat 19 julus maimanat manus', meaning 'Struck at Murshidabad in the 19th year of the auspicious reign.' The calligraphy is rendered in a fluid Naskh script typical of late Mughal Presidency coinage.
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附加信息

Shah Alam II was the Mughal emperor in whose name the East India Company struck Bengal Presidency coinage for decades — a fiction of sovereignty that suited both parties. The Company gained legitimacy by invoking imperial authority; Shah Alam, blinded by the Rohillas in 1788 and effectively a pensioner of the Marathas then the British, had little power to object. His regnal year on these coins is frozen at Year 19 of his reign, a deliberate anachronism maintained long after that year had passed.

Production ran across the Calcutta and Murshidabad mints. The Calcutta mint's 1793 establishment date marks the practical start of this standardized coinage.

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