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1/2 Rijksdaalder `1/2 Bourgondische kruisrijksdaalder` MONETA
| Issuer | Province of Gelderland (Dutch Republic) |
|---|---|
| Year | 1591-1592 |
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| Orientation | Variable alignment ↺ |
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| Obverse description | Central field dominated by a large Burgundian cross with ornate floreated terminals, at the center of which a firesteel (strike-a-light) motif is depicted, referencing the Order of the Golden Fleece. The date 1592 is divided by the horizontal arms of the cross, with the numerals 15 to the left and 92 to the right. The surrounding circular legend is struck in Latin capitals, reading clockwise from the top. The overall design is characteristic of the hammered coinage tradition of the Dutch Republic, with an irregular planchet and somewhat uneven strike typical of the period. |
|---|---|
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| Obverse lettering | MONETA · NOVA · ARGEN · DVC · GELRIÆ · CO · Z ✥ 1592 (Translation: New silver coinage of the Duchy of Gelderland and County of Zutphen) |
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| Additional information |
Gelderland was among the most militarily exposed of the rebel provinces during the early 1590s, with Spanish forces under Parma operating aggressively along its borders. The province struck these heavy silver pieces partly to meet urgent payroll demands for garrison troops — soldiers who would not wait for coin from Holland or Zeeland to arrive.
The "Bourgondische kruis" type draws on coinage conventions inherited from Habsburg Burgundian rule, a deliberate act of monetary continuity at a moment when the Republic had no unified mint authority. Gelderland's provincial mint at Arnhem was asserting its own issuing prerogative, a persistent source of friction with the Generality.