1/2 Real - Ferdinandus II

Historical Context: This 1/2 Real, struck in 1484, originates from the Kingdom of Aragon under Ferdinand II, "the Catholic." This era represents a pivotal moment in Iberian history, just eight years prior to the fall of Granada and the Columbian voyages. Ferdinand, through his marriage to Isabella I of Castile, was instrumental in forging the nascent Spanish monarchy, consolidating power, and pursuing the Reconquista. Aragon itself was a significant Mediterranean power, encompassing territories from the Iberian Peninsula to Sicily and Naples. This coinage reflects the stable monetary system supporting a kingdom at the cusp of global expansion.

Artistry: The artistic execution of this 1/2 Real adheres to the late Gothic numismatic tradition prevalent in Aragon, though subtly influenced by the burgeoning Renaissance aesthetics reaching the Iberian Peninsula from Italy. Specific engravers for Aragonese dies of this period are rarely documented or signed; the style is more indicative of the royal mint's prevailing artistic school. Expect a robust, somewhat stylized depiction of the monarch or his heraldic devices, characterized by strong lines and a dignified, if not always anatomically precise, representation. The heraldry, typically the four palas of Aragon, would be rendered with clear, albeit sometimes simplified, detail.

Technical/Grading: For this 1/2 Real (1.7 gg, 21 mm, .931 silver), key grading points include the sharpness of the royal bust or cypher on the obverse, particularly the crown details and any facial features. On the reverse, the integrity and clarity of the Aragonese bars and other heraldic quarterings, if present, are paramount. Due to the hammered striking process, centering can vary significantly; a well-centered strike with full legends is highly desirable. Examine the planchet for original surface luster versus evidence of cleaning, and pay close attention to the often-irregular rim, ensuring no significant losses or damage.