1/2 Real Cruzado - João I Porto mint

发行方	Portugal
年份	1409-1415
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面值	1/2 Real Cruzado = 35 Soldos = 420 Dinheiros
货币	登录以查看详情
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正面描述	登录以查看详情
正面文字	Latin (uncial)
正面铭文	登录以查看详情
背面描述	Central device consists of the Portuguese royal arms displayed on a quartered shield, featuring the quinas (five escutcheons in cross arrangement charged with bezants) and the bordure of castles, surmounted by a crown. The shield is set within a plain inner circle, with the peripheral legend in uncial Latin script encircling the device. The flan is irregular and slightly clipped, as is characteristic of hammered medieval Portuguese coinage.
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铸币厂	登录以查看详情
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附加信息	João I issued this cruzado series in the years immediately preceding the 1415 conquest of Ceuta — the campaign that opened Portugal's century of Atlantic and African expansion. War financing drove considerable pressure on the billon coinage of the period, and the Porto mint was one of only a handful of active striking facilities in the kingdom at the time. The low silver content reflects deliberate monetary policy under strain, not debasement by neglect.

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