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1/2 Real Cruzado - João I Lisboa mint
| Issuer | Portugal |
|---|---|
| Year | 1409-1415 |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
| Weight | 2 g |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Latin |
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| Reverse lettering | REPARATIO REX PVBLICE |
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| Additional information |
João I struck these cruzados in the years immediately preceding the 1415 assault on Ceuta — Portugal's first foothold in North Africa and the opening move of Iberian overseas expansion. Whether wartime fiscal pressure influenced the already-low silver fineness of this billon issue is debated, but the timing is difficult to ignore. Lisboa mint output from this reign is frequently encountered with significant die misalignment, a product of the period's inconsistent striking practices rather than any particular die failure.