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| 正面描述 | 登录 以查看详情 |
|---|---|
| 正面文字 | Arabic |
| 正面铭文 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 背面描述 | Hammered reverse field bearing a two-line Arabic legend reading السلطان الاعظم (Al-Sultan Al-A'zam, meaning 'The Greatest Sultan'), a royal title employed by the rulers of the Madurai Sultanate. The inscription is struck in a bold but irregular manner typical of small-denomination copper issues of this period. The flan is uneven and the lettering shows characteristic die-cutting of provincial Islamic coinage. No border or additional decorative elements are present. |
| 背面文字 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 背面铭文 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 边缘 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 铸币厂 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 铸造量 | 登录 以查看详情 |
| 附加信息 |
Shams al-Din Adil Shah ruled the Madurai Sultanate for roughly a decade following the chaos that consumed the dynasty after its founder Ma'bar broke from the Delhi Sultanate in 1335. The Madurai sultans were chronically isolated — no maritime trade lifeline, surrounded by hostile Hindu kingdoms, and dependent on a copper coinage whose fractional denominations like this half paisa were the primary medium for local market exchange in the Tamil interior.
GG#MD32 is among the scarcer fractional types of the series. The sultanate itself collapsed with Kampana's Vijayanagara campaigns of the 1370s, which ended Muslim rule in the far south permanently.