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1/2 Paisa - Shams Al-Din Adil Shah
| Issuer | Madurai, Sultanate of |
|---|---|
| Year | 1347-1358 |
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| Currency | Rupee (1335-1377) |
| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Crudely hammered copper flan bearing Arabic legend in two lines across the field, reading عادل شاه (Adil Shah). The script is executed in a rough, informal style characteristic of the minor copper coinage of the Madurai Sultanate. The irregular flan shows natural edge irregularities and surface patination consistent with hammered production. No border ornament or decorative framing is present. |
|---|---|
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| Edge | Plain |
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| Additional information |
Shams al-Din Adil Shah ruled the Madurai Sultanate for roughly a decade following the chaos that consumed the dynasty after its founder Ma'bar broke from the Delhi Sultanate in 1335. The Madurai sultans were chronically isolated — no maritime trade lifeline, surrounded by hostile Hindu kingdoms, and dependent on a copper coinage whose fractional denominations like this half paisa were the primary medium for local market exchange in the Tamil interior.
GG#MD32 is among the scarcer fractional types of the series. The sultanate itself collapsed with Kampana's Vijayanagara campaigns of the 1370s, which ended Muslim rule in the far south permanently.