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1/2 Noble - Richard II Calais mint, type III
| Issuer | England |
|---|---|
| Year | 1377-1399 |
| Type | Log in to see details |
| Value | 1/2 Noble (⅙) |
| Currency | Log in to see details |
| Composition | Log in to see details |
| Weight | Log in to see details |
| Diameter | Log in to see details |
| Thickness | Log in to see details |
| Shape | Log in to see details |
| Technique | Log in to see details |
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| In circulation to | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Log in to see details |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Log in to see details |
| Obverse lettering | +RIChaRD x DI x GRa x REX x AnGL x Z x FRanC x DnS x hYB |
| Reverse description | Log in to see details |
| Reverse script | Latin |
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| Edge | Log in to see details |
| Mint | Log in to see details |
| Mintage | Log in to see details |
| Additional information |
Richard II's reign was administratively turbulent for English gold coinage, with the Calais mint functioning as the primary outlet for wool-staple revenues — merchants paying export duties in bullion that was coined on the spot. The Calais operation gave the Crown direct control over continental trade flows in a way the domestic mints could not replicate.
North 1316 distinguishes this as a Type III issue, differentiated from earlier types by specific annulet and lis arrangements in the mm and stops. Die-linking studies by Schneider placed Calais output for this reign considerably below London's, making Calais-mint halves noticeably harder to source than their face frequency suggests.