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1/2 Mark - Heinrich von Galen Wenden

发行方 Livonian Order
年份 1556
类型 Standard circulation coin
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正面描述 Central quartered shield bearing the arms of the Livonian Order, featuring alternating fields with crossed swords and heraldic charges in relief, typical of the hammered coinage of the period. The shield is surrounded by a circular legend in Latin Gothic lettering. The coin exhibits the characteristic irregular flan and uneven strike of mid-16th century Livonian hammered silver. The field is flat and largely unadorned beyond the central armorial device.
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背面描述 A plain cross set within a beaded or plain inner circle occupies the central field, dividing the space into four quarters, with the date split as 5 and 6 (for 1556) flanking the cross in the left and right quarters. The cross is rendered in bold, simple relief consistent with hammered technique. A circular Latin legend surrounds the inner circle, running along the coin's periphery. The overall design is austere and emblematic of the military-religious character of the Livonian Order's coinage.
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附加信息

Heinrich von Galen served as Master of the Livonian Order from 1551 until his death in 1557, a period of acute military pressure as Ivan the Terrible's forces were already probing the Order's eastern borders — the full-scale invasion came in 1558, just months after this type was struck. Wenden, the administrative heart of the Order in Livonia, served as its primary mint.

The Order's coinage was dissolving in political terms even as it was being minted. Within six years of this issue, the Livonian Order itself had ceased to exist as a sovereign entity.

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