1/2 Groat - John I quadrilobe

Historical Context: This 1/2 Groat (demi-gros) was issued by John I (Jean I), Count of Namur, during his reign from 1305 to 1330, specifically within the period 1322-1331. Namur, a strategically vital county at the confluence of the Sambre and Meuse rivers, occupied a complex position within the Low Countries, often navigating the influence of larger powers like France, Brabant, and Hainaut. The introduction of fractional groats reflects a broader European trend towards a more structured monetary system, often imitating the successful French *gros tournois*. John I's reign was characterized by financial strain, leading to frequent minting activity and, at times, debasement, which this particular denomination may also reflect as a means of providing smaller transactional currency or managing economic pressures.

Artistry: Attribution of specific engravers for Namur's coinage during this early 14th-century period is virtually non-existent, consistent with most feudal issues of the era. The stylistic execution aligns with the prevailing late Gothic numismatic art of the Low Countries, heavily influenced by contemporary French prototypes. Expect robust, albeit somewhat stylized, heraldic representations and gothic minuscule lettering. The "quadrilobe" design element, typically enclosing a central motif such as a cross or a shield bearing the Namur lion rampant, is a common decorative feature of the period, providing a framework for the reverse design rather than signifying a distinct artistic school.

Technical/Grading: For optimal grading, collectors should prioritize the clarity and completeness of the central motifs. On the obverse, distinctness of the legend (e.g., "IOHANNES COMES NAMURCENSIS") and any central bust or cross details are paramount. On the reverse, the definition of the quadrilobe's lobes and inner angles, along with the crispness of the central cross or heraldic device (the Namur lion), are critical. Legibility of the outer reverse legend (e.g., "MONETA NAMURCENSIS") is also highly valued. Due to the manufacturing techniques of the period, minor flan irregularities, slight off-centering, and uneven strikes are common and generally tolerated unless severe, but a well-centered, sharply struck example will command a premium.