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1/2 Gold Real - Philip II First type

发行方 Holland, County of
年份 1560-1562
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制作工艺 Hammered
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正面描述 Armored bust of Philip II facing right, with ruffled collar and cuirass visible, occupying the central field in a bold, slightly rough hammered style typical of mid-16th-century Low Countries coinage. The portrait is rendered in relatively high relief with naturalistic facial features. A circular Latin legend surrounds the bust, reading PHILIPPVS D G HISP REX C HOL, identifying Philip as King of Spain and Count of Holland. A floral or rosette stop appears at the end of the legend. The overall composition reflects the Renaissance portrait style prevalent in Habsburgian numismatic issues of this period.
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边缘 Plain
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附加信息

Philip II inherited the seventeen provinces of the Low Countries from his father Charles V in 1555, but his relationship with Holland deteriorated rapidly under the weight of Spanish taxation demands and the Duke of Alba's subsequent repression. This first-type issue, struck across a narrow three-year window, predates the open revolt — the Pacification of Ghent was still fifteen years away — making it among the last gold coinages Holland produced under anything resembling cooperative Habsburg rule.

The .750 fineness places it slightly below the standard of the ryder coinage that preceded it, a deliberate debasement reflecting chronic fiscal pressure on the provincial mints.

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