1/2 Giulio / 1 Grosso - Cosimo III

Cosimo III ruled Tuscany for 53 years — the longest reign in Medici history — and spent much of it watching his dynasty collapse around him. Both legitimate male heirs predeceased him or were otherwise lost to succession; his son Gian Gastone was effectively the last. The silver coinage of his final decades was struck against the backdrop of prolonged negotiations among the European powers over who would inherit the Grand Duchy, ultimately settled in favor of Francis of Lorraine well before Cosimo died in 1723.

The MIR 455/4 attribution covers multiple die pairings across a long production window, and CNI XI draws a further distinction at the individual specimen level.