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1/2 Bolognino - Clement X Wreath
| Issuer | Ferrara (Papal States) |
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| Year | 1674-1676 |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Diameter | 25 mm |
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| Obverse description | Central field dominated by the papal coat of arms of Clement X (Emilio Altieri), depicting a shield charged with six eight-pointed stars arranged in pyramid formation, surmounted by the papal tiara and crossed keys of Saint Peter. The shield is flanked by decorative mantling. The circular Latin legend reads CLEMENS X PON MAX, separated by ornamental stops, identifying the issuing pontiff as Clement X, Supreme Pontiff. The die workmanship is characteristic of mid-seventeenth-century hammered copper coinage from the Papal States. |
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| Reverse description | Central legend arranged in four horizontal lines within an open wreath of stylized oak or laurel branches issuing from the base and meeting at the top of the field. The inscription reads FERRARIÆ in two lines (FER / RARI), followed by the ligature Æ flanked by two six-pointed star ornaments, and the mint year 1675 at the base. The wreath encloses the full text and is rendered in a bold, somewhat rustic hammered style typical of provincial Papal States copper issues. |
| Reverse script | Latin |
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