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1/2 Bisti anonymous Two Lions
| Issuer | Kartli, Kingdom of (1490-1762) |
|---|---|
| Year | 1703 |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Technique | Hammered |
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| Obverse description | Central field occupied by Arabic-script legends arranged in multiple lines across the flan, struck in the characteristic bold hammered style of Georgian copper coinage of the early eighteenth century. The inscription, executed in a cursive hand, fills the field with characteristic irregularity resulting from the hammered technique. The flan edges are irregular and somewhat ragged, typical of locally produced copper fulus coinage of the period. Surface patina is a deep reddish-brown with traces of green cuprite corrosion. |
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| Mintage | 1114 (1703) |
| Additional information |
Kartli's copper coinage of the early eighteenth century was minted under conditions of almost perpetual political compromise. The kingdom operated as a tributary state under Safavid Persian suzerainty for much of this period, with Georgian kings required to convert to Islam as a condition of holding the throne — a reality that shaped which rulers' names appeared on coinage, and when they were deliberately omitted. The "anonymous" designation here is not an accident of survival; it reflects deliberate practice during reigns or interregna where attribution was politically inconvenient.
1703 falls within the reign of Giorgi XI, who ruled Kartli in his second stint after reconverting to Christianity.