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1/2 Baiocco - Innocent XII

Issuer Papal States - Gubbio Mint
Year 1691-1700
Type Standard circulation coin
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Obverse description Papal coat of arms of Innocent XII (Antonio Pignatelli) occupying the central field, featuring the Pignatelli family charges — three cooking pots (pignatte) arranged two above one — set within a cartouche surmounted by the papal tiara and crossed keys of Saint Peter. The circular Latin legend reading INNOC٠XII PON٠M٠A٠II is disposed around the periphery, denoting Innocentius XII, Supreme Pontiff, in his second pontifical year. The overall heraldic composition is rendered in a bold, if somewhat roughly struck, late seventeenth-century provincial style consistent with Gubbio mint production.
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Obverse lettering INNOC٠XII PON٠M٠A٠II
(Translation: Innocentius XII Supreme Pontiff Year 2)
Reverse description The denomination inscription MEZ ZO BAIOC CO, split across four lines to read 'MEZZO BAIOCCO' (Half Baiocco), is displayed in the central field within an open laurel wreath tied at the base. The wreath, composed of leafy olive or laurel branches extending from the lower field to the upper periphery, frames the value legend in a straightforward typographic arrangement typical of minor Papal States copper coinage of the late seventeenth century. The plain field and absence of additional devices underscore the utilitarian character of this small-denomination issue.
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