1/10 Philipsdaalder - Philip II Bust left

The Philipsdaalder series was introduced under Philip II as part of a broader Habsburg attempt to rationalize coinage across the Spanish Netherlands — a monetary policy effort that coincided, awkwardly, with the ongoing revolt that would eventually strip the southern provinces from Dutch control entirely. By 1590, Brabant remained under Habsburg authority, but the Mint of Brabant was operating under considerable strain, supplying coin to a military and administrative apparatus fighting a protracted war of attrition in its own backyard.

GH#213-1c designates a specific die pairing in the Van Gelder and Hoc reference — worth checking against known examples, as minor legend variations exist within this subtype.