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1 050 000 Karbovantsiv Privatization certificate
| Uitgever | |
|---|---|
| Jaar | 1995 |
| Type | Log in om details te zien |
| Waarde | Log in om details te zien |
| Valuta | Log in om details te zien |
| Samenstelling | Log in om details te zien |
| Afmetingen | 202 x 158 mm |
| Vorm | Log in om details te zien |
| Drukker | Log in om details te zien |
| Ontwerper(s) | Log in om details te zien |
| Graveur(s) | Log in om details te zien |
| In omloop tot | Log in om details te zien |
| Referentie(s) | Log in om details te zien |
| Beschrijving voorzijde | Arms at upper left |
|---|---|
| Opschrift voorzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Beschrijving keerzijde | Arms at upper right |
| Opschrift keerzijde | Log in om details te zien |
| Handtekening(en) | Log in om details te zien |
| Beveiligingstype | Log in om details te zien |
| Beschrijving beveiliging | Log in om details te zien |
| Varianten | Log in om details te zien |
| Opmerkingen |
Ukraine's 1995 privatization certificates were not currency in any conventional sense — they were one-time-use vouchers issued to citizens as part of the mass privatization program that transferred Soviet-era state enterprises into nominally private hands. Each adult Ukrainian received a single certificate, booklet-style in format, entitling them to invest in enterprises sold through privatization auctions. The program was broadly criticized: most citizens, lacking financial literacy or access to auction information, sold their certificates well below face value to speculators and investment funds.
Pick lists this under banknotes largely as a cataloguing convenience. The watermark is the sole conventional security feature — unsurprising for an instrument never intended to circulate.