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1 000 000 Mark Maschinenbau-Anstalt Humboldt
| Issuer | Maschinenbau-Anstalt Humboldt, Cologne-Kalk |
|---|---|
| Year | 1923 |
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| Composition | Paper |
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|---|---|
| Obverse lettering | MASCHINENBAU-ANSTALT HUMBOLDT KÖLN-KALK GUTSCHEIN ÜBER EINE MILLION MARK 1 MILLION MARK DIESER GUTSCHEIN VERLIERT SEINE GÜLTIGKEIT EINEN MONAT NACH AUF-KÜNDIGUNG IN DEN KÖLNER ORTSBLÄTTERN. DIE GESELLSCHAFT HAFTET FÜR DIE EINLÖSUNG. KÖLN-KALK, 8. AUGUST 1923. DER VORSTAND: W. PEIPERS & CO., KÖLN. |
| Reverse description | The entire reverse is covered by a uniform green fine-line guilloche underprint executed in intricate lathe-work. At centre, a large capital 'H' — the Humboldt initial — is rendered in a lighter guilloche tone, flanked symmetrically on either side by a vignette of two crossed hammers symbolic of the company's industrial and engineering character. No denomination or text appears on this side. |
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| Comments |
Maschinenbau-Anstalt Humboldt was one of Germany's major heavy engineering firms — locomotives, mining equipment, diesel engines — and like thousands of German industrial employers in 1923, it was forced to issue its own emergency currency simply to meet weekly payroll. Hyperinflation had made the Reichsbank's supply of legal tender structurally inadequate; by mid-1923, private companies, municipalities, and cooperatives were printing their own notes as a matter of operational survival, not monetary ambition.
W. Peipers & Co. was a Cologne commercial printer, not a specialist banknote house, and that shows in the utilitarian execution. The firm printed notgeld for multiple Cologne-area issuers during the same crisis window.