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1 000 000 000 Mark
| Issuer | Stadt Mönchengladbach (City of Mönchengladbach) |
|---|---|
| Year | 1923 |
| Type | Log in to see details |
| Value | 1 000 000 000 Marks (1 000 000 000) |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Uniface letterpress note printed in red throughout except for the serial number in black. The text block carries the denomination and issuer's name centred on a plain ground, accompanied by both a typeset and an embossed relief seal of the City of M. Gladbach; the serial number appears within a coat-of-arms cartouche. A boxed side-text panel, set at right angles to the main text, states the area and period of validity. |
|---|---|
| Obverse lettering | Log in to see details |
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| Protection type | Watermark |
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| Comments |
Mönchengladbach was among hundreds of German municipalities that issued their own emergency currency — Notgeld — during the hyperinflation crisis of 1923, as the Reichsbank's output simply could not keep pace with the collapsing purchasing power of the mark. By the time billion-mark denominations appeared in mid-to-late 1923, notes of this face value were covering transactions that months earlier would have required only hundreds. Municipal issues like this one were legally tolerated but not officially sanctioned, creating a patchwork of local paper that flooded the Rhineland.
The watermark is worth noting — many Notgeld issues at this denomination skipped security features entirely, printing on whatever stock was available.