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XXXX Réis '2 Vintens' - João IV Lisboa
| Issuer | Casa da Moeda (Portuguese Royal Mint) |
|---|---|
| Year | 1641-1656 |
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| Currency | Real (1517-1835) |
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|---|---|
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| Reverse description | Central device features a plain Greek cross with a pellet or annulet in each of the four quadrants formed by the arms of the cross, a design of medieval Iberian tradition symbolising the Christian faith. The surrounding peripheral legend reads '+IN HOC SIGNO VINCE' (In this sign, conquer), the Constantinian motto adopted by the Portuguese monarchy. The field is flat and largely unadorned save for the cross and its accompanying pellets. The irregular flan and soft strike in places are characteristic of Portuguese hammered silver of the João IV period. |
| Reverse script | Latin |
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| Additional information |
João IV's accession in 1640 — ending sixty years of Iberian Union under Spanish Habsburg rule — immediately created a mint crisis. Portugal had no independent coinage infrastructure ready to deploy, and the Casa da Moeda in Lisbon was effectively restarting from scratch. These small silver pieces were among the first issues struck under the restored Bragança dynasty, produced across a fifteen-year span as the new regime scrambled to assert financial independence while simultaneously funding a war against Spain that would drag on until 1668.
The multiple Gomes reference numbers reflect distinct die varieties across the reign rather than separate denominations — a consequence of inconsistent minting conditions in the early Restoration period.