Æ Unit

Obverse description	Central tree motif with spreading branches and visible roots, rendered in low relief in a schematic, archaic style characteristic of early Indian punch-marked and cast coinage. Flanking the tree are two attendant figures in adoration or worship posture, one to each side, possibly representing yaksha or devotee figures. A Brahmi legend encircles or accompanies the design within the field. The overall composition is irregular and densely arranged within the flan.
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Reverse description	Uniface; the reverse is blank and unworked, showing only the rough, uneven surface of the cast copper flan with no design, inscription, or intentional relief.
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Additional information	Hathoda remains poorly documented in the numismatic literature, and attributions to this issuing authority rest on a relatively small corpus of excavated and provenanced material. The copper unit coinage of this region fits within the broader punch-marked and cast traditions of early Indian civic issues, where municipal or local chieftain authorities produced low-denomination currency for localized exchange rather than long-distance trade. Without a confirmed hoard context or epigraphic anchor, chronological placement within the second century BC window carries inherent uncertainty.