Catalog
Uncertain AR - Dust Muhammad Countermarked, Arabshahid
| Issuer | Khanate of Khiva (Arabshahid Dynasty) |
|---|---|
| Year | 1546-1558 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Obverse description | Hammered silver flan bearing dense multi-line Arabic calligraphic inscription filling the entire field, executed in a cursive Central Asian hand characteristic of the Arabshahid period. The legends, arranged in overlapping registers across the coin's surface, likely contain religious formulae or the ruler's name and titles. The script is bold and raised, with individual letterforms flowing into one another in a manner typical of hand-struck Khorazmian coinage of the mid-sixteenth century. The irregular flan edge is visible, consistent with hammered production technique. |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Arabic |
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| Reverse description | The reverse bears a prominent rectangular or triangular cartouche enclosing bold Arabic calligraphic inscription, with additional marginal legends surrounding it in the field. The central cartouche, clearly applied as an official countermark by Dust Muhammad of the Arabshahid dynasty, contains the ruler's name or epithet in a formal, angular script. Surrounding inscription fragments are visible in the field and along the coin's periphery, partially obscured by the irregular flan and wear. The countermark is sharply struck relative to the underlying host coin, indicating deliberate official re-validation of the piece for continued circulation. |
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