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Tugrali Rubiye - Mahmud II Kostantiniyye mint
| Issuer | Imperial Ottoman Mint |
|---|---|
| Year | 1808-1812 |
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| Shape | Round |
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|---|---|
| Obverse script | Arabic |
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| Reverse description | The reverse presents a four-line Arabic inscription arranged within a rectangular cartouche divided by ruled lines into registers, all set within a beaded border. The uppermost line bears the mint formula, the second line the mint name Kostantiniyye (Constantinople), the third line the Hijri accession year 1223, and the lower register the regnal year numeral. The inscription is struck in a bold, upright calligraphic hand typical of Ottoman gold fractional coinage of the period. |
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| Additional information |
The tugrali rubiye was introduced under Mahmud II shortly after he secured the throne in 1808 — a succession achieved only after the violent deposition and murder of his brother Mustafa IV. The early years of his reign were consumed by the near-collapse of central authority, with the Janissary corps effectively dictating terms to the palace until their eventual abolition in 1826. Small gold denominations like this one circulated in an empire simultaneously fighting Napoleon's continental pressures and managing the Serbian uprising that had begun in 1804.