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Tornês de Escudo - Fernando I Miranda do Douro mint
| Issuer | Portugal |
|---|---|
| Year | 1369-1370 |
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| Value | 1 Tornês = 72 Dinheiros |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Obverse description | Central Portuguese royal shield of arms displaying five escutcheons in cross formation, each escutcheon charged with five roundels (quinas) in saltire, enclosed within an inner beaded circle. The mint letter 'M' for Miranda do Douro appears above the shield, flanked on each side by a rose ornament. The outer circular legend in uncial Gothic lettering reads the king's royal titulature, separated by pellet stops. |
|---|---|
| Obverse script | Latin (uncial) |
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| Additional information |
Fernando I's short-lived Miranda do Douro mint operated during a period of acute monetary instability, when the king's costly wars against Castile forced repeated debasements and the opening of provincial mints to meet demand. Miranda do Douro, a frontier town on the northeastern edge of Trás-os-Montes, was geographically closer to the Castilian border than to Lisbon — an unusual choice that almost certainly reflects wartime logistical necessity rather than any long-term minting policy. Production at the mint was brief, making its output scarce relative to the Lisbon and Porto issues of the same type.