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Tetradrachm - Antiochos IX Kyzikenos Damascus
| Issuer | Seleucid Empire |
|---|---|
| Year | 113 BC - 111 BC |
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| Currency | Drachm |
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| Obverse description | Diademed portrait bust of Antiochos IX Kyzikenos facing right, rendered in fine Hellenistic style with richly elaborated, voluminous curly hair falling in tight spirals behind the ear and along the neck. A royal diadem with streaming ties is visible behind the head. A short, thin curly beard is rendered along the chin and jaw. The portrait is executed with strong physiognomic individuality characteristic of late Seleucid coinage. The entire effigy is enclosed within a fillet border. |
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| Reverse description | Athena Nikephoros standing left, draped and helmeted, holding Nike in her extended right hand and resting her left hand upon a grounded shield, with a spear leaning against her left arm. A monogram or control mark appears in the outer left field, with the regnal date rendered in Greek numerals in the exergue. The reverse legend, naming the king with his epithet Philopator, runs around the upper and lateral fields. The entire composition is enclosed within a laurel wreath border. |
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| Additional information |
Antiochos IX Kyzikenos — so named for his time spent at Kyzikos as a hostage — seized the Seleucid throne from his half-brother Antiochos VIII Grypos in 113 BC, initiating a civil war that would fracture the kingdom for decades. Damascus was one of the few mints that struck consistently for him during this compressed reign window, making its output central to reconstructing the chronology of his coinage. The rivalry between the two half-brothers see-sawed repeatedly; Antiochos IX was driven from Antioch but held Syria Coele with enough stability to sustain mint operations at Damascus through 111 BC.