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Tetrachalkon - Philip II Coiled Serpent

Issuer Kingdom of Macedonia
Year 359 BC - 336 BC
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Value Tetrachalkon (1⁄12)
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Reverse lettering ΦΙΛΙΠΠΟΥ
(Translation: Of Philip)
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Mintage ND (359 BC - 336 BC) - SNG ANS# 848 - 7h rotation -
ND (359 BC - 336 BC) - SNG ANS# 849 - 9h rotation -
Additional information

Philip II minted bronze in quantities his predecessors had not, partly because the silver flooding in from the Pangaion mines made small-denomination coinage politically and economically viable to subsidize. Bronze served the army camp and the agora equally — and Philip's Macedonia had both in relentless demand across his 23-year reign.

The SNG ANS references place this piece within a well-documented but internally complex series. Die studies have shown considerable variation across the coiled serpent bronzes, suggesting multiple production runs rather than a single mint episode.

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