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Sestertius - Vespasian PAX AVGVSTI S C, Pax
| Issuer | Imperial Roman Mint |
|---|---|
| Year | 71 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Obverse lettering | IMP CAES VESPASIAN AVG P M TR P P P COS III (Translation: Imperator Caesar Vespasianus Augustus Pontifex Maximus, Tribunicia Potestate, Pater Patriae, Consul Tertium. Supreme commander (Imperator) Caesar Vespasian, emperor (Augustus), high priest, holder of tribunician power, father of the nation, consul for the third time.) |
| Reverse description | The goddess Pax seated left on a throne, draped in long robes, holding an olive branch extended forward in her right hand and a sceptre or caduceus in her left. The figure is rendered in the classical allegorical style characteristic of early Flavian imperial bronzes, conveying the propagandistic message of peace following the civil wars and the Jewish revolt. The senatorial authorisation monogram S C (Senatus Consultum) is placed in the field to either side of the seated figure, flanking the throne. The legend PAX AVGVSTI arcs across the upper portion of the reverse field. |
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Vespasian struck this issue in 71 AD, the year following his consolidation of power after the catastrophic civil wars of 69 AD — the Year of the Four Emperors. The PAX AVGVSTI legend was a deliberate political statement: Vespasian needed to project stability after Galba, Otho, and Vitellius had each died violently within twelve months. The destruction of the Jerusalem Temple that same year, concluded under Titus, fed directly into the regime's peace propaganda, framing brutal military suppression as the restoration of Roman order.
RIC II.1 #186 is among the more frequently encountered sestertii of the reign, struck at Rome in quantity.