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Pulo - Boris Alexandrovich Goroden

Issuer Tver, Grand Principality of
Year 1425-1461
Type Standard circulation coin
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Obverse description A quadruped animal facing left with tail raised, the tail terminating in a five-pointed star; the figure is rendered in a crude, stylized manner characteristic of medieval Russian hammered coinage. The design is enclosed within a border of pellets encircling the entire field.
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Reverse lettering ПО КНѦ ѮѦ ВЕЛН КО БО СЛОВ РYА Ъ Г ЯОД
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Additional information

Boris Alexandrovich ruled Tver from 1425 to 1461, a period during which the principality maintained a precarious independence between an expansionist Moscow and the declining Golden Horde. Tver had its own mint tradition dating back to the late 14th century, and the pulo — a low-denomination copper piece used for everyday petty transactions — was struck in quantity under Boris as part of a broader effort to supply local markets with small change that silver wire coins (the dominant medium) were too valuable to fill.

HPF#2800 places this among the attributed issues, though Tver puli of this period are notoriously difficult to assign with precision given the variability of dies and the absence of consistent inscriptions across the series.

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