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Pul "al-Mulk li-llah type" - temp. Tochtamysh Black sea region
| Issuer | Golden Horde |
|---|---|
| Year | 1380-1406 |
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| Currency | Dinar (1227-1502) |
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| Obverse description | Central field bears a Kufic Arabic inscription arranged within a square cartouche, the legend reading 'al-Mulk li-llah' (Sovereignty belongs to God). The script, though partially illegible due to the crude hammered workmanship typical of late Golden Horde copper coinage, is disposed in horizontal registers within the frame. The surrounding field is plain and unadorned, consistent with utilitarian pul issues of the period. |
|---|---|
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| Reverse description | A square frame encloses a bold diagonal cross whose four arms extend to the inner corners of the border, with a decorative ornamental knot or pellet cluster at the central intersection. The quadrants formed by the cross arms are filled with groups of pellets arranged symmetrically, creating a floriate or rosette-like overall composition. The design is purely geometric and non-epigraphic, characteristic of anonymous copper pul issues struck in the Black Sea region under Tochtamysh. |
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| Edge | Plain |
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