Obol - Béla IV

Issuer Hungary
Year 1235-1270
Type Standard circulation coin
Value Obol (Obulus) (1/2)
Currency Denier (997-1310)
Composition Silver
Weight 0.40 g
Diameter 9.60 mm
Thickness
Shape Round (irregular)
Technique Hammered
Orientation
Engraver(s)
In circulation to
Reference(s) ÉH#214, H#296, EK I#18/2, CAC III#22.25
Obverse description Agnus dei, God`s lamb with a cross right
Obverse script
Obverse lettering + REX VNGARIE
(Translation: King of Hungary)
Reverse description Crowned monarch with orb in right hand, scepter in left
Reverse script
Reverse lettering
Edge Smooth
Mint
Mintage ND (1235-1270) - -
Numisquare ID 1011763080
Additional information

Historical Context: This silver obol was issued during the pivotal reign of Béla IV (1235-1270), a transformative period for Hungary. Béla faced the devastating Mongol invasion (1241-1242), subsequently earning the epithet "Second Founder of the State" through extensive rebuilding. This small denomination was crucial for daily commerce in a recovering realm, reflecting post-Mongol Hungary's economic necessities.

Artistry: The artistry of this obol, typical for its era, reflects general minting practices, not a specific engraver. Stylistically, it belongs to the late Romanesque/early Gothic transition, characterized by simplified, symbolically potent designs. Given the diminutive flan, the obverse likely features a prominent cross, often a patriarchal or double cross, common in Hungarian coinage. The reverse typically bears a stylized royal monogram or simple letter, representing the king or mint, executed with functional clarity.

Technical/Grading: Weighing 0.40 grams and measuring 9.60 millimeters, this obol exemplifies medieval minting. High-points susceptible to wear or weak strike include the cross center, monogram extremities, and outer legends. Due to manual hammer striking, examples often exhibit irregular flans, off-center strikes, and flatness. A premium is placed on specimens with a relatively round flan, well-centered strike, and discernible details, particularly the central devices, which are frequently incomplete or softly rendered.

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