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Nummus - Licinius I IOVI CONSERVATORI AVG, Arelate
| Issuer | Roman Empire (27 BC - 395 AD) |
|---|---|
| Year | 319 |
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| Composition | Log in to see details |
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| Orientation | Medal alignment ↑↑ |
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| Reverse description | Jupiter, nude and enthroned, seated upon the back of an eagle facing right, the god himself turned to face left; the composition conveys the divine protection extended to the reigning emperor. Jupiter holds a thunderbolt in his outstretched hand, referencing his role as lord of the heavens and guarantor of imperial legitimacy. The legend IOVI CONSERVATORI AVG encircles the design, while the mintmark TARL appears in the exergue, identifying this as a product of the third officina (T = tertia) of the Arelate mint. |
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| Reverse lettering | IOVI CONSERVATORI AVG TARL (Translation: `To Jupiter, protector of the emperor`.) |
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| Additional information |
Licinius I struck heavily in Jupiter's name throughout his conflict with Constantine, using IOVI CONSERVATORI as a deliberate ideological counter to Constantine's increasingly Christian imagery. By 319 this tension was approaching its breaking point — the two emperors had already fought once in 316–317, and war would resume in 324, ending with Licinius's capture and eventual execution at Thessalonica.
Arelate (modern Arles) had been elevated to a mint city by Constantine himself in 313, making its output of Licinian types a pointed irony.