Nummus / Fals - Anonymous imitating Constans II Arab-Byzantine

Émetteur Umayyad Caliphate
Année 680-693
Type Standard circulation coin
Valeur 1 Fals / Nummus (1⁄180)
Devise Solidus (661-750)
Composition Bronze
Poids 1.84 g
Diamètre 22.6 mm
Épaisseur
Forme Round (irregular)
Technique Hammered
Orientation Medal alignment ↑↑
Graveur(s)
En circulation jusqu’à
Référence(s)
Description de l’avers Figure, beardless, standing facing, wearing crown and chlamys, holding long cross and globus cruciger
Écriture de l’avers
Légende de l’avers
Description du revers Large `M` ☩ on her; ဒ to the left and below; A/N/N/O to the right
Écriture du revers
Légende du revers M A/N/N/O ဒ
Tranche
Atelier
Tirage ND (680-693) - Dimashq mint -
ND (680-693) - Hims mint -
ID Numisquare 5377594320
Informations supplémentaires

Historical Context: This anonymous nummus/fals, issued by the Umayyad Caliphate (680-693 CE), marks a pivotal phase in early Islamic numismatics. The Caliphate initially adopted and imitated existing Byzantine coinage. Imitation of Constans II, whose long-bearded effigy was recognized in the Levant, ensured economic continuity in newly acquired territories. This imitative period precedes Abd al-Malik's reforms, representing a crucial transition before purely aniconic Islamic coinage.

Artistry: This coin exemplifies the Arab-Byzantine imitative stylistic school, where local workshops replicated Byzantine prototypes. No specific engraver is identifiable; artistic execution blends Byzantine iconography with a distinct, sometimes cruder, local interpretation. The design typically features a stylized bust of Constans II on the obverse, recognizable by his prominent beard, though details are often abstract. The reverse usually bears a garbled or stylized rendition of the Byzantine 'M' or 'K' mark, sometimes with pseudo-legends.

Technical/Grading: Struck in bronze, weighing 1.84 grams and measuring 22.6 millimeters, this coin's specifications are typical for the fals, though on the lighter side. High-points for wear include the emperor's nose and beard on the obverse, and the upper serifs of the central letter on the reverse. Technical strike qualities vary; expect off-center strikes, weak areas from worn dies, and irregular flan shapes. Overall condition typically ranges from fine to very fine, with clear facial features commanding a premium.

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