Hemidrachm

Issuer Federal Coinage of Phokis
Year 457 BC - 446 BC
Type Standard circulation coin
Value Hemidrachm (1/2)
Currency Drachm
Composition Silver
Weight 2.63 g
Diameter 14.0 mm
Thickness
Shape Round (irregular)
Technique Hammered, Incuse
Orientation
Engraver(s)
In circulation to
Reference(s) HGC 4#1037
Obverse description Facing head of bull
Obverse script
Obverse lettering
Reverse description Ethnic clockwise, head of Aphrodite (or Artemis) right within incuse square.
Reverse script
Reverse lettering Φ Ο Κ Ι
Edge
Mint
Mintage ND (457 BC - 446 BC) - -
Numisquare ID 8047945860
Additional information

Historical Context: This silver hemidrachm, issued by the Federal Coinage of Phokis (457-446 BC), originates from a period of significant geopolitical flux in ancient Greece. Phokis, a federal state, navigated complex rivalries between Athens and Sparta, often aligning itself to maintain autonomy. This coinage served as a crucial instrument for economic stability and military funding amidst regional conflicts, signifying the unified economic identity of the Phokian cities during these tumultuous years.

Artistry: This coin showcases the early Classical style, characteristic of mid-5th century BC Greek numismatics. Though the engraver is anonymous, the design reflects regional artistic conventions. The obverse typically features a powerful bull's head, likely symbolizing a local river god or fertility, rendered with developing naturalism. The reverse often displays a stylized Phokian shield, a potent emblem of the federal state's military strength and collective identity.

Technical/Grading: Weighing 2.63 grams and measuring 14.0 millimeters, this silver hemidrachm exemplifies ancient minting. High-points for wear typically include the bull's horns and muzzle on the obverse, and the shield's central boss and rim on the reverse. Due to manual striking, minor off-centering or peripheral softness is common. However, well-preserved specimens reveal sharp details in the animal's musculature and the shield's intricate pattern, reflecting skilled die work.

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