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Gold Leopard - Edward of Woodstock
| Issuer | Aquitaine, Duchy of |
|---|---|
| Year | 1362-1372 |
| Type | Standard circulation coin |
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| Obverse description | A crowned leopard passant guardant occupies the entire field, rendered in bold relief in the Gothic heraldic style characteristic of Anglo-Gascon coinage. The beast is depicted facing left with its right forepaw raised, an elaborate crown set upon its head, a curling tail arched over its back, and finely engraved mane detail. The central device is enclosed within a plain inner circle bordered by a beaded ring, beyond which runs the circumferential Latin legend. Trefoil stops separate the abbreviated words of the inscription around the periphery. |
|---|---|
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| Obverse lettering | ✠ ED: PMO: GNS: REGIS: ANGLIE: PNCEPS: AQITANIE (Translation: Edward, first son of the king of England, prince of Aquitaine.) |
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| Additional information |
Edward of Woodstock — the Black Prince — was granted Aquitaine by his father Edward III in 1362, and the leopard was struck as part of his effort to establish a functioning monetary administration in the duchy. The coin's name derives directly from the English heraldic tradition rather than any French precedent, a deliberate assertion of Plantagenet authority over a territory that French lords continued to contest throughout the decade.
The principality collapsed under Edward's rule, undone by the ruinous cost of the 1367 Castilian campaign and the hearth tax revolt that followed. He departed Aquitaine permanently in 1371, ill and politically broken.